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INTRO TO THE CITY
CHAPTER 7
SAMPLE TEST
Chapter 7 Exam Questions
1. Geographic settings
a. are the most important determinant of city size
b. matter mostly for industrial cities
c. interact with social factors to shape the city
d. is more important in San Francisco than in Los Angeles
2. The use of private automobiles in Los Angeles
a. contributed to the present shape of the city
b. contributed to the smog problem
c. allowed the city to expand horizontally
d. all of the above
3. A look at the most populous North American metropolis suggests that:
a. cities tend to locate themselves toward the center of each state
b. the railroads determined their location
c. the majority are located on waterways
d. defense was a crucial factor in determining their location
4. The growth of the city of Houston in Texas
a. was promoted by its location on the Gulf of Mexico and its proximity to oil fields
b. is best known for tourism
c. was based on service industry rather than manufacturing
d. none of the above
5. For a setting to become a city, it must
a. have a minimally hospitable environment
b. have a political structure
c. be self-sufficient
d. have local access to either gas or oil
6. The city of Las Vegas
a. is located on a major waterway
b. was made possible because of modern technology
c. is located at the intersection of major railroads
d. none of the above
7. The importance of defense
a. is a crucial factor in the shape of North American cities today
b. promoted the development of gridiron cities
c. explains the radio centric shape of many cities
d. was limited in medieval times
8. Gridiron cities
a. no longer exists
b. represent exceptions in the United States
c. were typically built after the industrial revolution
d. are influenced by political rather than economic factors
9. The development of gridiron cities is due mostly to
a. religious factors
b. military factors
c. ethnic factors
d. economic factors
10. Vertical city growth
a. was promoted by public transportation improvements such as street cars and bus lines
b. required new building technology
c. is less costly than interstitial growth
d. occurred mostly in suburban areas
11. Urban ecology
a. was generated by Robert Park and his colleagues
b. studies the relationship between human beings and their urban environment
c. draws from plant and animal ecology
d. all of the above
12. According to Park the shape of a city is
a. determined by competition and population movement
b. determined only by competition for limited resources
c. mostly a function of socioeconomic variables
d. constant through time
13. The invasion-succession movement refers to
a. the long history of wars of most cities
b. the low level of education of recent immigrants
c. the movement of social groups to different neighborhoods of the city
d. all of the above
14. The concentric zone hypothesis suggests that
a. cities grow outward in a series of concentric rings over time
b. cities form a circle made of several pie-shaped sectors
c. wealth decreases as one moves away from the city’s center
d. competition is more dense in the central business district
15. What Burgess calls the zone in transition
a. is composed mostly of single unit housing
b. includes a large number of upscale districts
c.consists primarily of light manufacture factories and ethnic neighborhoods
d. is located within a thirty to sixty minute ride of the central business district
16. Criticism of the Chicago School of Urban Ecolgy include all but which of the following
a. is lacks a theoretical foundation
b. it cannot be applied to every city
c. it pays little attention to the role of individual choices
d. the importance of population movement caries in different places and by periods
17. The sector theory
a. focuses mostly on industrial land use
b. many residential districts take a pie-shape form rather than resembling an entire ring
c. fashionable areas tend to move inward toward the center of the city
d. rich and poor areas tend to blend with time
18. The multiple nuclei theory
a. give strong support to the Chicago School of Urban Ecology
b. suggests that, with time, manufacture industries tend to concentrate in a specific area
c. argues that as cities grow, they diversify and develop distinct sectors of activities
d. help to predict the specific land use pattern of cities
19. A “social area”
a. consists of a census tract inhabited by people sharing a unique combination of social characteristics
b. is the city district where restaurants and entertainment facilities can be found
c. is highly representative of the overall city population
d. none of the above
20. Social area analysis does not emphasize which of the following?
a. social ranking of residents
b. family type of residents
c. ethnicity of resident
d. age of residents
21. Factorial analysis
a. relies heavily on computer analysis
b. allows to test the validity of previous theories
c. is able to identify variables with greater explanatory power
d. all of the above
22. In explaining urban land use patterns, factorial analysis emphasizes the importance of
a. international trade, political economic forces and history
b. environment, race, and socioeconomic status
c. socioeconomic status, family status, and ethnicity
d. costs of production, industry, and socioeconomic status
23. The synthesis theory of Berry and Rees suggests that:
a. all earlier land-use theory were partially correct
b. no scientific model can explain land-use pattern
c. cultural values play a determinant role
d. all of the above
24. Edge cities
a. represent a very small but quickly rising share of cities
b. are typically located near major highways and shopping malls
c. benefit from a well organized political system
d. have now been studied for over half a century by urban scholars
25. The most dominant type of edge city found in North America fits in the category of
a. uptowns
b. boomers
c. greenfields
d. main streets
TRUE/FALSE
1. In creating cities, human beings simply respond to the natural environment.
2. Cities must be located on waterways to develop.
3. Great cities have typically been destroyed by natural disasters.
4. Miami’s climate contributed to its development as an “amenity city.”
5. Washington D.C. did not emerge as an economic center.
6. Athens, Paris, and Mexico City all had a strategic military location historically.
7. Salt Lake City was first established as a trade center.
8. While gridiron cities are clearly organized, radio centric cities were not designed with a specific purpose in mind.
9. Gridiron cities are more common in North America.
10. Cities grew vertically before growing lifestyles.
11. Gridiron cities promote communal lifestyles.
12. The Chicago school developed one of the first theory of urban ecology.
13. The sector theory ignores changes in city shapes over time.
14. Multiple nuclei theory challenges the idea that urban land use can be predicted.
15. Social area analysis compares more than 140 cities to identify the most important determinant or urban land use.
16. Factorial ecology relies heavily on computer technology.
17. Berry and Ree’s synthesis theory rejects most of previous findings in the field of urban ecology.
18. Studies of non-Western cities typically support the findings of factorial ecology.
19. In the early 1900s, approximately two thirds of all North American office facilities were in edge cities.
20. Race seems more important than social class in understanding the expansion of edge cities.
Answers
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