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This page has been visited: INTRO TO THE CITY
Chapter 5 Exam Questions 1. Urban society emerged in the context of: a. the industrial revolution in Europe b. the Revolutionary War in the U.S. c. World War II d. none of the above 2. Sociology emerged with the work of: a. Auguste Comte b. Karl Marx c. Ferdinand Tonnies d. Max Weber 3. According to Marx, social institutions are determined by a. the political structure b. religion c. the economic system d. tradition 4. The “Asiatic modes of production” refer to a. the factory system in China b. a concept developed by Weber c. an economic structure characterized by limited division of labor, common property and lack of individualism d. an urban setting characterized by high specialization of labor and impersonal relationships 5. The concept of “gemeinschaft” means a. association b. community c. organism d. neighborhood 6. Which of the following characteristics is not part of Gesellschaft a. rational and calculating behavior b. focus on self-interest c. kinship d. decline of family 7. Durkheim saw “organic solidarity” as a. the equivalent to Tonnie’s “gemeinschaft” b. a social order based on common belief, customs and rituals c. an automatic form of dependence d. a social order based on a complex division of labor 8. Georg Simmel focused on a. the structure of cities b. the economic function of cities c. the social mobility of individual in cities d. the social psychology of city life 9. According to Simmel, individual behavior in the city is dominated by: a. passion b. rationality c. compassion d. none of the above 10. The murder of Ms. Genovese illustrates a. the concept of compassion b. the concept of gemeinschaft dominant in modern cities c. the mechanical aspect of solidarity emphasized by Durkheim d. the cultivated indifference observed by Simmel 11. The comparative approach to urban sociology was promoted by a. Durkheim b. Tonnies c. Weber d. Simmel 12. According to Weber, the ideal city is characterized by: a. a relative predominance of trade and commercial relations b. some degree of political autonomy c. a related form of association d. all of the above 13. Authors in the classical European tradition all saw the city as a. increasing human choice b. characterized by a complex division of labor c. an improvement of the quality of life d. both a. and b. 14. Park’s image of the city includes all but which of the following a. a homogenous population b. formal social structures c. more rational life d. a commercial structure 15. Compared to the classical European tradition, Parks’ urban sociology a. is more abstract b. is more empirical c. is less relevant to contemporary urban problems d. is more theoretical 16. According to Wirth, the large population size of cities creates a. a greater cultural homogeneity b. a need for the formal control structures c. a problem for economic growth d. the conditions for democracy 17. Modern researchers have shown that a. tolerance is more pervasive in rural areas b. people with lower levels of income are more tolerant c. urban tolerance is a product of wealth and education d. modern technologies, such as television, have lowered tolerance in cities 18. Suzanne Keller found that, in the private sphere, urbanites are a. more social than in the public sphere b. no different than in the public sphere c. less tolerant than in the public sphere d. more isolated and lonely than in public 19. The positive relationship between density and pathological behavior a. has been proven by genetic analysis b. is rejected by J.B. Calhoun c. is primarily biological d. appears to be linked to poverty and racial discrimination 20. According to recent evidence, the city a. is more tolerant than other types of settlements b. is not as impersonal as many though it was c. does not promote a greater malaise than rural areas do d. all of the above TRUE/FALSE 1. For Marx, cities announced a transition to “barbarism”. 2. Marx and Engels believe that poverty and unemployment are caused by the flaws of capitalism. 3. Gemeinschaft characterized the large city. 4. Tonnies understand cities as part of a continuum. 5. Organic solidarity refers to a social order based on individual differences. 6. Durkheim’s view of the city is pessimistic. 7. According to Simmel, money is very important in urban life. 8. Simmel explains the spread of graffiti in cities by economic inequality. 9. Durkheim compared cities in different parts of the world. 10. Weber saw the modern city as closer to his ideal city type than the medieval city was. 11. Parks saw urban life as disorder and chaos. 12. Parks argued that urban research should be based on disciplined observation. 13. Wirth attempted to define universal social characteristics of the city. 14. Wirth’s idea of “social segmentalization” refers to discrimination in the housing market. 15. An emphasis on historical perspective is one of Wirth’s major contribution to urban sociology. 16. Whyte’s study of ethnic neighborhoods support’s Wirth’s argument about urban anonymity. 17. Weisner argues that urban living does not subject children to more stress than rural environments.
Answers Chapter 5
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