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INTRO TO THE CITY
CHAPTER 3
SAMPLE TEST
Chapter 3 Exam Questions
1. Native Americans
a. had established large cities by the 16th century
b. were always nomadic, and hence had no cities
c. had a few small permanent settlements
d. had established an extensive network of cities in the Northwest of the U.S.
2. The first European settlement in North America was
a. St. Augustine in Florida
b. Jamestown in Virginia
c. Boston
d. New Amsterdam
3. The early cities in the United States were characterized by
a. exceptionally small size
b. a sense of community
c. a lack of regular street patterns
d. all of the above
4. Before the Revolutionary War, New York
a. maintained a puritan character
b. was not involved in trade
c. attracted a significant number of Jewish and German immigrants
d. maintained a religious homogeneity
5. The American Revolution
a. was mostly a rural revolution
b. was a city-instigated war
c. ended slavery in the United States
d. had no clear economic implications
6. At the beginning of the Revolutionary war
a. urban settlements had been created throughout the West
b. urban settlements were concentrated on the East Coast
c. links between new territories and Atlantic port cities had been built
d. none of the above
7. The growth of Baltimore was promoted by
a. the Erie Canal
b. the National Road
c. the railroad
d. both b and c
8. The urban growth of the early nineteenth century was primarily due to
a. massive migration from the South
b. the expansion of trade networks
c. political intervention
d. public investment
9. The original U.S. settlers
a. came to the U.S. to reproduce European cities
b. saw cities as corrupting the good life
c. had great faith in the potential of cities for creating a better life
d. prefer the urban to the rural lifestyle
10. The North’s victory in the Civil War announced
a. a return to a more rural lifestyle
b. the dominance of Jefferson’s ideas about cities
c. an explosion of urban industrial growth
d. both b. and c.
11. The technological advances which promoted the growth of the “great metropolis” include all but which of the following:
a. the use of iron and steel in construction
b. the elevator
c. electric street trolleys
d. the telephone
12. Between 1870 and 1920, cities grew
a. mostly upwards
b. mostly outwards
c. both upwards and outwards
d. at a slower rate than during the previous 50 years
13. Which demographic trends contributed to the increase in urban population:
a. depopulation of rural area
b. higher fertility rates in cities
c. immigration from abroad
d. both a. and c.
14. Politically speaking, the era of the “great metropolis” corresponds to
a. increasing pressures on city officials to represent people’s interests
b. a curbing of corruption
c. a large increase in federal funding allocated to cities
d. a period of great tolerance towards immigrants
15. The industrialization of the city during the late 1800s
a. benefited the great majority of the population
b. improved infrastructure
c. increased the profits of property owners
d. improved health conditions
16. Between 1870 and 1920, the number of immigrants who arrived in the United States totaled
a. 5 million
b. 15 million
c. 20 million
d. 30 million
17. The Quota system, designed to limit foreign immigration to the United States,
a. was established in 1904
b. led to increased migration from the South to the North of the United States
c. reduced racial tensions in cities
d. both a. and c.
18. The New Deal
a followed the stock market crash of 1929
b. was launched by Franklin D. Roosevelt
c. pumped billions of dollars into public works and urban infrastructure
d. all of the above
19. The period since 1950 has been characterized by
a. an ever-greater number of people converging to the central city
b. people moving to areas surrounding the city itself
c. a decentralization of production
d. both b. and c.
20. A “Megalopolis”
a. is a concept created by the Census Bureau
b. is a city and its surrounding areas
c. is a continuous urban region created by the sprawling of many independent cities
d. is reflected in the concept of SMSA (Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area)
21. The Sunbelt expansion
a. begun in 1940
b. was promoted by the higher labor and energy costs in Snowbelt cities
c. occurred despite higher tax rates on businesses in California and Texas
d. lowered the share of African Americans living in the South to 35%
22. Problems in the Sunbelt cities include all but which of the following
a. high energy costs
b. inadequate infrastructure systems
c. water shortage
d. high crime rates
23. Edward Banfield argues that
a. cities are doomed to disappear
b. cities have too many economic advantages to experience declines for long periods
c. government intervention is necessary to promote urban revitalization
d. people and businesses will continue to move out of central cities
24. The current revitalization of cities is due primarily to:
a. the office building boom
b. the desire of young professionals to live in an urban setting
c. the growth of white collar business tied to new technology
d. all of the above
25. The postindustrial era is characterized by
a. equally distributed urban growth
b. dual labor markets in cities
c. an increase in the jobs available for poor central city residents
d. lower rents in gentrified neighborhoods
26. By 1800, the population of New York
a. was about 60,000
b. almost reached 200,000
c. was still below 25,000
d. had grown to 100,000
27. New York famous skyscrapers, the Chrysler and Empire State Buildings, and the Rockefeller Center opened
a. at the turn of the century
b. in the mid-1800s
c. around 1930
d. just before WWI
28. Business Improvement Districts
a. Have had very limited success in improving life conditions in New York
b. are government institutions
c. provide services typically provided by city governments
d. both a. and b.
True/False
1. Until the eighteenth century, no city in North America had more that 10,000 inhabitants.
2. Unlike medieval cities in Europe, early American cities were very impersonal.
3. Colonial cities were planned as export centers for raw material going to Europe.
4. The American Revolution unfolded in cities.
5. Philadelphia was the first capital of the United States.
6. By the end of the Revolutionary War, the U.S. territory extended roughly to the Mississippi River.
7. Urban growth in the early 19th century was promoted by the search for economic gain.
8. Jefferson viewed great cities as destructive of morals and health.
9. In the decades following the Civil War, migration to cities was slightly reduced.
10. By 1920, the U.S. had become a predominantly urban nation.
11. Migration to the U.S. cities from abroad was larger than migration from U.S. rural areas.
12. The majority of immigrants who arrived around the turn of the century were Protestant from Northern Europe.
13. By 1910, a third of the population in the U.S. eight largest cities were immigrants.
14. Over 500,000 African Americans migrated from the South to the North before WWI.
15. Building techniques using steel played an important role in promoting the decentralization in the urban area.
16. As industries and the white middle class moved out of the central city, the latter lost a large share of its tax base.
17. The elected Council of Metropolitan Toronto is a form of governance similar to that of the County governments in the U.S..
18. The labor force is less unionized in Sunbelt cities than in Northeastern cities.
19. One of seven Americans live in the “BosWash megalopolis.”
20. Too few well paying jobs are being created in the Sunbelt.
Test Answers
Chapter
3
1.
c
2.
a
3.
d
4.
c
5.
b
6.
b
7.
d
8.
b
9.
b
10.
c
11.
d
12.
c
13.
d
14.
a
15.
c
16.
c
17.
b
18.
d
19.
d
20.
c
21.
b
22.
a
23.
b
24.
d
25.
b
26.
a
27.
c
28.
c
t
1.
t
2.
f
3.
t
4.
t
5.
f
6.
t
7.
t
8.
t
9.
f
10.
t
11.
f
12.
f
13.
t
14.
f
15.
f
16.
t
17.
f
18.
t
19.
t
20.
t
21.
t
22.
f
23.
f
- t